A program for a problem free Cosmology within a framework of a rich class of scalar tensor theories

TL;DR

This paper proposes a scalar-tensor cosmological model with non-minimal couplings that avoids the cosmological constant problem, matches classical tests, and supports non-topological solutions like Q-balls, potentially explaining large-scale structures.

Contribution

It introduces a class of scalar-tensor theories with specific couplings that eliminate the cosmological constant and supports non-topological solutions, providing a new approach to problem-free cosmology.

Findings

Effective cosmological constant vanishes for many couplings and potentials.

Model passes classical cosmological tests.

Supports large non-topological solutions up to 1 Mpc.

Abstract

A search for a problem free cosmology within the framework of an effective non - minimally coupled scalar tensor theory is suggested. With appropriate choice of couplings in variants of a Lee - Wick model [as also in a model supporting Q - ball solutions], non topological solutions [NTS's], varying in size upto 10 kpc to 1 Mpc can exist. We explore the properties of a ``toy'' Milne model containing a distribution of NTS domains. The interior of these domains would be regions where effective gravitational effects would be indistinguishable from those expected in standard Einstein theory. For a large class of non - minimal coupling terms and the scalar effective potential, the effective cosmological constant identically vanishes. The model passes classical cosmological tests and we describe reasons to expect it to fare well as regards nucleosynthesis and structure formation.