Evolution of Cosmological Perturbations in the Long Wavelength Limit

TL;DR

This paper explores the relationship between long wavelength cosmological perturbations and background solutions, identifying conditions for their equivalence and discovering universal solutions representing adiabatic modes.

Contribution

It clarifies when homogeneous perturbations match long wavelength solutions and introduces two universal exact solutions for scalar and fluid cosmologies.

Findings

Homogeneous perturbations match long wavelength solutions only under specific conditions.

Two universal solutions describe adiabatic growing and decaying modes.

These solutions are expressed solely in terms of background quantities.

Abstract

The relation between the long wavelength limit of solutions to the cosmological perturbation equations and the perturbations of solutions to the exactly homogeneous background equations is investigated for scalar perturbations on spatially flat cosmological models. It is shown that a homogeneous perturbation coincides with the long wavelength limit of some inhomogeneous perturbation only when the former satisfies an additional condition corresponding to the momentum constraint if the matter consists only of scalar fields. In contrast, no such constraint appears if the fundamental variables describing the matter contain a vector field as in the case of a fluid. Further, as a byproduct of this general analysis, it is shown that there exist two universal exact solutions to the perturbation equations in the long wavelength limit, which are expressed only in terms of the background quantities. They represent adiabatic growing and decaying modes, and correspond to the well-known exact solutions for perfect fluid systems and scalar field systems.