Gravitational collapse to toroidal, cylindrical and planar black holes

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that matter with toroidal topology collapsing in anti-de Sitter space forms toroidal black holes, and extends to cylindrical and planar cases, impacting the hoop conjecture.

Contribution

It provides an analytical model showing how non-spherical matter collapse leads to various black hole topologies in AdS space, including toroidal, cylindrical, and planar configurations.

Findings

Toroidal matter collapse results in toroidal black holes.

Decompactification yields cylindrical and planar black objects.

Collapse involves energy absorption from external radiation.

Abstract

Gravitational collapse of non-spherical symmetric matter leads inevitably to non-static external spacetimes. It is shown here that gravitational collapse of matter with toroidal topology in a toroidal anti-de Sitter background proceeds to form a toroidal black hole. According to the analytical model presented, the collapsing matter absorbs energy in the form of radiation (be it scalar, neutrinos, electromagnetic, or gravitational) from the exterior spacetime. Upon decompactification of one or two coordinates of the torus one gets collapsing solutions of cylindrical or planar matter onto black strings or black membranes, respectively. The results have implications on the hoop conjecture.