The Structure of Singularity in Spherical Inhomogeneous Dust Collapse

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the formation and nature of singularities, including black holes and naked singularities, in spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust collapse using the Tolman-Bondi-Lemaître model, highlighting conditions for their occurrence and stability.

Contribution

It provides a general analysis linking initial density and velocity profiles to the formation of black holes and naked singularities in dust collapse, extending previous specific cases.

Findings

Strong naked singularities can develop from generic initial data.

Conditions for avoiding shell-crossing singularities are discussed.

Results support cosmic censorship by linking initial data to collapse outcomes.

Abstract

We study here the structure of singularity forming in gravitational collapse of spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust. Such a collapse is described by the Tolman-Bondi-Lema{\^i}tre metric, which is a two-parameter family of solutions to Einstein equations, characterized by two free functions of the radial coordinate, namely the `mass function' F(r) and the `energy function' f(r). The main new result here relates, in a general way, the formation of black holes and naked shell-focusing singularities resulting as the final fate of such a collapse to the generic form of regular initial data. Such a data is characterized in terms of the density and velocity profiles of the matter, specified on an initial time slice from which the collapse commences. Several issues regarding the strength and stability of these singularities, when they are naked, are examined with the help of the analysis developed here. In particular, it is seen that strong curvature naked singularities can develop from a generic form of initial data in terms of the initial density profiles for the collapsing configuration. We also establish here that similar results hold for black hole formation as well. We also discuss here the physical constraints on the initial data for avoiding shell-crossing singularities; and also the shell-focusing naked singularities, so that the collapse will necessarily end as a black hole, preserving the cosmic censorship. These results generalize several earlier works on inhomogeneous dust collapse as special cases, and provide a clearer insight into the phenomena of black hole and naked singularity formation in gravitational collapse.