Galactic periodicity and the oscillating G model

TL;DR

This paper investigates a model where the oscillation of the gravitational constant explains galaxy distribution periodicity, analyzing its nonlinear dynamics and nucleosynthesis constraints, suggesting a small baryonic density and scalar field dark matter.

Contribution

The study provides a detailed numerical analysis of the oscillating G model, including nucleosynthesis bounds and implications for baryonic and dark matter densities.

Findings

Baryonic density can be set to match primordial abundance constraints.

For mbda=1, \u03a9_{bar}  0.021, within observational bounds.

Scalar field accounts for the remaining dark matter fraction.

Abstract

We consider the model involving the oscillation of the effective gravitational constant that has been put forward in an attempt to reconcile the observed periodicity in the galaxy number distribution with the standard cosmological models. This model involves a highly nonlinear dynamics which we analyze numerically. We carry out a detailed study of the bound that nucleosynthesis imposes on this model. The analysis shows that for any assumed value for $\Omega$ (the total energy density) one can fix the value of $\Omega_{\rm bar}$ (the baryonic energy density) in such a way as to accommodate the observational constraints coming from the $^4{\rm He}$ primordial abundance. In particular, if we impose the inflationary value $\Omega=1$ the resulting baryonic energy density turns out to be $\Omega_{\rm bar}\sim 0.021$. This result lies in the very narrow range $0.016 \leq \Omega_{\rm bar} \leq 0.026$ allowed by the observed values of the primordial abundances of the other light elements. The remaining fraction of $\Omega$ corresponds to dark matter represented by a scalar field.