Dynamic Monopoles and Spacetime Structure

TL;DR

This paper explores the dynamic behavior of magnetic monopoles beyond a critical Higgs field value, revealing inflation, wormhole formation, and black hole outcomes through numerical simulations.

Contribution

It provides a numerical classification of monopole solutions for large Higgs expectation values, including inflation and wormhole formation.

Findings

Monopoles inflate and form wormholes when $ ext{} ext{eta}> ext{eta}_ ext{inf}$.

Monopoles shrink into black holes for $ ext{eta}_ ext{cr}< ext{eta}< ext{eta}_ ext{inf}$ with certain parameters.

Stable monopole configurations occur depending on the ratio of coupling constants.

Abstract

According to previous work on magnetic monopoles, static regular solutions are nonexistent if the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field $\eta$ is larger than a critical value $\eta_{{\rm cr}}$, which is of the order of the Planck mass. In order to understand the properties of monopoles for $\eta>\eta_{{\rm cr}}$, we investigate their dynamics numerically and classify those dynamical solutions into three types as follows. If $\eta$ is larger than another critical value $\eta_{{\rm inf}}~(>\eta_{{\rm cr}})$, a monopole inflates and a wormhole structure appears around it. In the case of $\eta_{{\rm cr}}<\eta<\eta_{{\rm inf}}$, inflation does not occur and the dynamics depend on the ratio of the Higgs self coupling constant $\lambda$ and the gauge coupling constant $e^2$: if $\lambda/e^2\stackrel{<}{\sim}1$, a monopole just shrinks and becomes a black hole; otherwise, a monopole approaches a stable configuration.