Modification of the Coulomb potential from a Kaluza-Klein model with a Gauss-Bonnet term in the action

TL;DR

This paper explores how adding a Gauss-Bonnet term in higher-dimensional gravity modifies the Coulomb potential, leading to a non-linear gauge theory and potential resolution of short-distance divergences.

Contribution

It introduces a novel modification to Einstein-Maxwell theory via a Gauss-Bonnet term in Kaluza-Klein models, affecting Coulomb potential behavior.

Findings

Perturbative correction to Coulomb potential at large distances

Power-law solution near source reduces divergence

Potential experimental bounds on Gauss-Bonnet coupling

Abstract

In four dimensions a Gauss-Bonnet term in the action corre- sponds to a total derivative, and it does not contribute to the classical equations of motion. For higher-dimensional geometries this term has the interesting property (shared with other dimensionally continued Euler densities) that when the action is varied with respect to the metric, it gives rise to a symmetric, covariantly conserved tensor of rank two which is a function of the metric and its first and second order derivatives. Here we review the unification of General Relativity and electromagnetism in the classical five-dimen- sional, restricted (with g_55 = 1) Kaluza-Klein model. Then we discuss the modifications of the Einstein-Maxwell theory that results from adding the Gauss-Bonnet term in the action. The resulting four-dimensional theory describes a non-linear U(1) gauge theory non-minimally coupled to gravity. For a point charge at rest, we find a perturbative solution for large distances which gives a mass-dependent correction to the Coulomb potential. Near the source we find a power-law solution which seems to cure the short-distance divergency of the Coulomb potential. Possible ways to obtain an experimen- tal upper limit to the coupling of the hypothetical Gauss- Bonnet term are also considered.