Analytical formulas for gravitational lensing: higher order calculation
Paolo Amore, Santiago Arceo, Francisco Fernandez

TL;DR
This paper extends a method for calculating light deflection in gravitational lensing to higher orders, providing accurate analytical formulas that align well with numerical results.
Contribution
It introduces higher order analytical formulas for gravitational lensing deflection angles, improving accuracy over previous methods.
Findings
Analytical formulas match numerical results closely
Higher order calculations increase precision in lensing predictions
Method is applicable to general static, spherically symmetric metrics
Abstract
We extend to higher order a recently published method for calculating the deflection angle of light in a general static and spherically symmetric metric. Since the method is convergent we obtain very accurate analytical expressions that we compare with numerical results.
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