Some Aspects of Virtual Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper explores third quantization of modified gravity to analyze virtual black holes, revealing a statistical origin for black hole entropy, its quantization, and implications for quantum coherence and the problem of time.

Contribution

It introduces a third quantized modified gravity framework to study virtual black holes and their role in entropy and quantum coherence.

Findings

A natural statistical mechanical origin for Bekenstein-Hawking entropy

Quantization of black hole area and entropy in the model

Virtual black holes induce loss of quantum coherence

Abstract

In this paper we shall consistently third quantize modified gravity. Then we shall analyse certain aspects of virtual black holes in this third quantized modified gravity. We will see how a statistical mechanical origin for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy naturally arises in this model. Furthermore, in this model the area and thus the entropy of a real macroscopic black hole is quantized. Virtual black holes cause loss of quantum coherence and this gives an intrinsic entropy to all physical systems which can be used to define a direction of time and hence provide a solution to the problem of time.