A dynamical evolution model on the black hole horizon

TL;DR

This paper models the dynamical evolution of black hole horizons using a kinetic area-cell system, applying non-equilibrium statistical physics to analyze how Hawking radiation influences black hole behavior and equilibrium states.

Contribution

It introduces a novel kinetic area-cell model for black hole horizons and analytically explores their evolution under Hawking radiation within a non-equilibrium statistical framework.

Findings

Black hole horizons can reach equilibrium with a finite temperature radiation field.

A critical point exists where the system exhibits critical slowing down.

Analytic expressions for the expected horizon area are derived.

Abstract

This paper demonstrates a dynamical evolution model of the black hole (BH) horizon. The result indicates that a kinetic area-cells model of the BH's horizon can model the evolution of BH due to the Hawking radiation, and this area-cell system can be considered as an interacting geometrical particle system. Thus the evolution turns into a problem of statistical physics. In the present work, this problem is treated in the framework of non-equilibrium statistics. It is proposed that each area-cell possesses the energy like a microscopic black hole, and has the gravitational interaction with the other area-cells. We consider both a non-interaction ideal system, and a system with small nearest-neighbor interactions, and obtain an analytic expression of the expected value of the horizon area of a dynamical BH. We find that, after a long enough evolution, a dynamical BH with the Hawking radiation can be in equilibrium with a finite temperature radiation field. However, we also find that, the system has a critical point, and when the temperature of the radiation field surrounding the BH approaches the critical temperature of the BH, a critical slowing down phenomenon occurs.