Dynamics of dissipative gravitational collapse

TL;DR

This paper extends the Misner-Sharp approach to gravitational collapse to include dissipative effects, analyzing the dynamical equations and their coupling with causal transport theory, with implications for astrophysical phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a dissipative extension of the Misner-Sharp formalism and couples it with Israel-Stewart causal thermodynamics, revealing how dissipation affects gravitational collapse dynamics.

Findings

Decreasing inertial mass density depends on thermodynamic state.

Gravitational force term decreases proportionally to inertial mass.

Results applicable to astrophysical collapse scenarios.

Abstract

The Misner and Sharp approach to the study of gravitational collapse is extended to the dissipative case in, both, the streaming out and the diffusion approximations. The role of different terms in the dynamical equation are analyzed in detail. The dynamical equation is then coupled to a causal transport equation in the context of Israel--Stewart theory. The decreasing of the inertial mass density of the fluid, by a factor which depends on its internal thermodynamics state, is reobtained, at any time scale. In accordance with the equivalence principle, the same decreasing factor is obtained for the gravitational force term. Prospective applications of this result to some astrophysical scenarios are discussed.