Gravitational waves in the generalized Chaplygin gas model

TL;DR

This paper investigates how gravitational waves are affected in a universe modeled with the generalized Chaplygin gas as dark energy, offering a new way to test and constrain dark energy models through their gravitational wave spectra.

Contribution

It analyzes the gravitational wave spectrum in the generalized Chaplygin gas model, comparing nine specific cases to distinguish it from other dark energy scenarios.

Findings

Spectra differ notably between $ ext{Lambda}$-CDM and Chaplygin gas models.

Gravitational wave analysis can help constrain dark energy parameters.

The model provides a new observational perspective for dark energy studies.

Abstract

The consequences of taking the generalized Chaplygin gas as the dark energy constituent of the Universe on the gravitational waves are studied and the spectrum obtained from this model, for the flat case, is analyzed. Besides its importance for the study of the primordial Universe, the gravitational waves represent an additional perspective (besides the CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies) to evaluate the consistence of the different dark energy models and establish better constraints to their parameters. The analysis presented here takes this fact into consideration to open one more perspective of verification of the generalized Chapligin gas model applicability. Nine particular cases are compared: one where no dark energy is present; two that simulate the $\Lambda$-CDM model; two where the gas acts like the traditional Chaplygin gas; and four where the dark energy is the generalized Chaplygin gas. The different spectra permit to distinguish the $\Lambda$-CDM and the Chaplygin gas scenarios.