Some cosmological consequences of the five-dimensional Projective Unified Field Theory

TL;DR

This paper explores how a scalar sigma-field in a five-dimensional cosmological model influences observational tests, suggesting it can significantly alter conclusions about the universe's curvature and evolution.

Contribution

It introduces the effects of a sigma-field in a five-dimensional framework on classical cosmological tests, expanding the understanding beyond standard models.

Findings

Sigma-field affects surface brightness-redshift relation

Experimental data suggest sigma-field decreases over time

Spatial curvature depends on mass density relative to a critical parameter

Abstract

The classical observational cosmological tests (Hubble diagram, count of sources, etc.) are considered for a homogeneous and isotropic model of the Universe in the framework of the five-dimensional Projective Unified Field Theory in which gravitation is described by both space-time curvature and some hypothetical scalar field (sigma-field). It is shown that the presence of the sigma-field can essentially affect conclusions obtained from the cosmological tests. The surface brightness-redshift relation can be used as a critical test for sigma-field effects. It seems reasonable to say that the available experimental data testify that the sigma-field decreases with time. It is concluded that the spatial curvature is positive or negative depending on whether the mass density is larger or smaller than some critical parameter which is smaller than the critical density and can even take negative values. It is shown that the increase in the number of the observational cosmological parameters as compared to the standard Friedmann model can essentially facilitate coordination of the existing observational data.