Structures of gravitational vacuum and their role in the Universe

TL;DR

This paper explores the formation and evolution of gravitational vacuum microstructures, proposing they contribute to dark energy and dark matter, and discusses their role in the universe's structure and the breaking of Lorentz invariance.

Contribution

It introduces a novel framework linking topological vacuum defects to dark energy and matter, using Wheeler-DeWitt equation parametrizations and Lorentz invariance breaking.

Findings

Topological vacuum defects can account for dark energy and dark matter.

Microstructures formed during early universe phases persist today as cosmic structures.

Breaking Lorentz invariance may explain the mathematical modeling of these defects.

Abstract

The production of gravitational vacuum defects and their contribution in energy density of the Universe are discussed. These topological microstructures could be produced as the result of defect creation of the Universe from "nothing" as well as the result of the first relativistic phase transition. They must be isotropically distributed on background of the expanding Universe. After Universe inflation these microdefects smoothed, stretched and broke up. Parts of them have survived and now they are perceived as the structures of Lambda-term (quintessence) and unclustered dark matter. It is shown that for phenomenological description of vacuum topological defects of different dimensions (worm-holes, micromembranes, microstrings and monopoles) the parametrizational noninvariant members of Wheeler -DeWitt equation can be used. The mathematical illustration of these processes may be the spontaneous breaking of local Lorentz-invariance of quasi-classical equations of gravity. In addition, 3-dimensional topological defects revalues Lambda-term.