Vortex in a weakly relativistic Bose gas at zero temperature and relativistic fluid approximation

TL;DR

This paper investigates vortex structures in a weakly relativistic Bose gas at zero temperature, comparing field and fluid descriptions, and analyzes Kelvin wave dispersion relations in the relativistic regime.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed comparison between the vortex radius in quantum field theory and relativistic fluid approximation, and derives Kelvin wave dispersion relations for the relativistic Bose gas.

Findings

Vortex radius differs between field and fluid models.

Kelvin wave dispersion relation is derived for the relativistic case.

Long wavelength Kelvin waves follow a specific dispersion pattern.

Abstract

The Bogoliubov procedure in quantum field theory is used to describe a relativistic almost ideal Bose gas at zero temperature. Special attention is given to the study of a vortex. The radius of the vortex in the field description is compared to that obtained in the relativistic fluid approximation. The Kelvin waves are studied and, for long wavelengths, the dispersion relation is obtained by an asymptotic matching method and compared with the non relativistic result.