How loud can Schwarzschild black holes ring?

TL;DR

This paper presents a numerical method to maximize energy diffusion from gravitational wave backscattering, revealing that low frequency waves cause strong, robust black hole ringing with amplitudes comparable to the initial signals.

Contribution

Introduces a numerical procedure to identify low frequency dominated solutions that produce significant gravitational ringing in black holes.

Findings

Maximized energy diffusion due to backscattering is dominated by low frequency waves.

Black hole ringing amplitudes can reach levels comparable to the original gravitational wave signals.

The method provides insights into the robustness of gravitational ringing phenomena.

Abstract

A numerical procedure is described for the maximization of the energy diffusion due to the backscattering of the gravitational radiation. The obtained maxima are solutions dominated by low frequency waves. They give rise to robust gravitational ringing, with amplitudes of the order of the original signal.