Probing neutron star superfluidity with gravitational-wave data

TL;DR

Future advanced gravitational-wave detectors could observe neutron star oscillations, revealing details about their superfluid cores and improving understanding of pulsar glitches, through high-frequency sensitivity of specialized interferometers.

Contribution

This paper proposes using high-frequency gravitational-wave detection to probe neutron star superfluidity and pulsar glitch mechanisms, leveraging recent superfluid core dynamics insights.

Findings

Potential to detect neutron star oscillation modes

Enhanced understanding of neutron star superfluidity

Improved models of pulsar glitches

Abstract

We discuss the possibility that future gravitational-wave detectors may be able to detect various modes of oscillation of old, cold neutron stars. We argue that such detections would provide unique insights into the superfluid nature of neutron star cores, and could also lead to a much improved understanding of pulsar glitches. Our estimates are based on a detector configuration with several narrowbanded (cryogenic) interferometers operating as a "xylophone" which could lead to high sensitivity at high frequencies. We also draw on recent advances in our understanding of the dynamics of pulsating superfluid neutron star cores.