Gravitoelectromagnetism and the Integral Formulation of MAxwell's Equations

TL;DR

This paper develops an integral formulation of Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime, clarifying the observer-dependent nature of electric and magnetic field lines in gravitoelectromagnetism.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized integral formulation of Maxwell's equations for arbitrary observers in curved spacetime, enhancing understanding of gravitoelectromagnetic phenomena.

Findings

Clarifies the meaning of lines of force in observer-dependent fields

Provides a framework for analyzing electromagnetic fields in curved spacetime

Enhances conceptual understanding of gravitoelectromagnetism

Abstract

The integral formulation of Maxwell's equations expressed in terms of an arbitrary observer family in a curved spacetime is developed and used to clarify the meaning of the lines of force associated with observer-dependent electric and magnetic fields.