The Earliest Phase Transition?

TL;DR

This paper investigates the possibility of a phase transition occurring after the Planck epoch in the early universe, proposing an order parameter and analyzing its behavior to support the hypothesis.

Contribution

It introduces a new order parameter to assess phase transitions in the early universe and provides estimates indicating such a transition likely occurred.

Findings

Suggestive evidence of a phase transition after the Planck epoch

Proposed an order parameter to analyze early universe phase transitions

Estimates support the occurrence of a phase transition

Abstract

The question of a phase transition in exiting the Planck epoch of the early universe is addressed. An order parameter is proposed to help decide the issue, and estimates are made concerning its behavior. Our analysis is suggestive that a phase transition occurred.