Newtonian Analysis of Gravitational Waves from Naked Singularity

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that Newtonian approximation can effectively analyze gravitational waves from naked singularities formed during dust collapse, providing insights consistent with relativistic methods.

Contribution

It introduces a Newtonian framework to study gravitational waves near naked singularities, simplifying analysis in highly relativistic regimes.

Findings

Newtonian approximation matches relativistic perturbation results

Gravitational wave energy flux is finite

Space-time curvature diverges at the singularity

Abstract

Spherical dust collapse generally forms a shell focusing naked singularity at the symmetric center. This naked singularity is massless. Further the Newtonian gravitational potential and speed of the dust fluid elements are everywhere much smaller than unity until the central shell focusing naked singularity formation if an appropriate initial condition is set up. Although such a situation is highly relativistic, the analysis by the Newtonian approximation scheme is available even in the vicinity of the space-time singularity. This remarkable feature makes the analysis of such singularity formation very easy. We investigate non-spherical even-parity matter perturbations in this scheme by complementary using numerical and semi-analytical approaches, and estimate linear gravitational waves generated in the neighborhood of the naked singularity by the quadrupole formula. The result shows good agreement with the relativistic perturbation analysis recently performed by Iguchi et al. The energy flux of the gravitational waves is finite but the space-time curvature carried by them diverges.