Closed Universes With Black Holes But No Event Horizons As a Solution to the Black Hole Information Problem

TL;DR

This paper proposes a classical resolution to the black hole information paradox by constructing a closed universe model with black hole-like trapped surfaces but no event horizons, allowing information to escape.

Contribution

It introduces a novel spacetime model with no event horizons that still contains black hole features, addressing the information paradox.

Findings

The constructed spacetime has black hole-like trapped surfaces without event horizons.

Information can escape from black holes in this model due to the absence of event horizons.

A scalar quintessence field can lead to an Omega Point singularity in this framework.

Abstract

We show it is possible for the information paradox in black hole evaporation to be resolved classically. Using standard junction conditions, we attach the general closed spherically symmetric dust metric to a spacetime satisfying all standard energy conditions but with a single point future c-boundary. The resulting Omega Point spacetime, which has NO event horizons, nevertheless has black hole type trapped surfaces and hence black holes. But since there are no event horizons, information eventually escapes from the black holes. We show that a scalar quintessence field with an appropriate exponential potential near the final singularity would give rise to an Omega Point final singularity.