Reversible Logic to Cryptographic Hardware: A New Paradigm

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel approach using reversible logic to design cryptographic hardware, aiming to enhance security against Differential Power Analysis attacks by reducing energy dissipation.

Contribution

It is the first to apply reversible logic to cryptosystem design, presenting reversible ALU components and Montgomery multipliers for secure cryptographic hardware.

Findings

Reversible ALU components like adders and multipliers are successfully designed.

Reversible circuits demonstrate potential for DPA attack resistance.

Prototype shows feasibility of energy-efficient, secure cryptographic hardware.

Abstract

Differential Power Analysis (DPA) presents a major challenge to mathematically-secure cryptographic protocols. Attackers can break the encryption by measuring the energy consumed in the working digital circuit. To prevent this type of attack, this paper proposes the use of reversible logic for designing the ALU of a cryptosystem. Ideally, reversible circuits dissipate zero energy. Thus, it would be of great significance to apply reversible logic to designing secure cryptosystems. As far as is known, this is the first attempt to apply reversible logic to developing secure cryptosystems. In a prototype of a reversible ALU for a crypto-processor, reversible designs of adders and Montgomery multipliers are presented. The reversible designs of a carry propagate adder, four-to-two and five-to-two carry save adders are presented using a reversible TSG gate. One of the important properties of the TSG gate is that it can work singly as a reversible full adder. In order to design the reversible Montgomery multiplier, novel reversible sequential circuits are also proposed which are integrated with the proposed adders to design a reversible modulo multiplier. It is intended that this paper will provide a starting point for developing cryptosystems secure against DPA attacks.