Discrete Morse Theory for free chain complexes

TL;DR

This paper generalizes discrete Morse theory to arbitrary free chain complexes, providing a constructive way to decompose such complexes into Morse and acyclic parts with a straightforward proof.

Contribution

It extends combinatorial Morse complex construction to all free chain complexes and proves a decomposition theorem involving critical elements and acyclic complexes.

Findings

Decomposition of free chain complexes into Morse and acyclic parts.

Elementary proof of quasi-isomorphism between original and Morse complexes.

Identification of critical elements generating the Morse complex.

Abstract

We extend the combinatorial Morse complex construction to the arbitrary free chain complexes, and give a short, self-contained, and elementary proof of the quasi-isomorphism between the original chain complex and its Morse complex. Even stronger, the main result states that, if $C_*$ is a free chain complex, and $\cm$ an acyclic matching, then $C_*=C_*^\cm\oplus T_*$, where $C_*^\cm$ is the Morse complex generated by the critical elements, and $T_*$ is an acyclic complex.