Dynamic Simulation of Construction Machinery: Towards an Operator Model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a flexible operator simulation model for wheel loaders that captures the dynamic power distribution during operation, enabling early assessment of machine performance and efficiency.

Contribution

It presents a novel operator model based on general rules, independent of machine parameters, allowing versatile simulation of construction machinery in early design stages.

Findings

Operator model follows general rules, not predefined paths

Model enables independent adjustment of machine sub-systems

Potential for early performance and efficiency assessment

Abstract

In dynamic simulation of complete wheel loaders, one interesting aspect, specific for the working task, is the momentary power distribution between drive train and hydraulics, which is balanced by the operator. This paper presents the initial results to a simulation model of a human operator. Rather than letting the operator model follow a predefined path with control inputs at given points, it follows a collection of general rules that together describe the machine's working cycle in a generic way. The advantage of this is that the working task description and the operator model itself are independent of the machine's technical parameters. Complete sub-system characteristics can thus be changed without compromising the relevance and validity of the simulation. Ultimately, this can be used to assess a machine's total performance, fuel efficiency and operability already in the concept phase of the product development process.