Two-mode theory of vortex stability in multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates vortex stability in two-species Bose-Einstein condensates using a two mode model, confirming experimental results and analyzing how population and scattering length adjustments can stabilize vortices.

Contribution

It introduces a two mode theoretical model to analyze vortex stability in multicomponent condensates, verifying experimental results and exploring stabilization methods.

Findings

Experimental results are verified by the model.

Stability can be controlled by adjusting relative populations.

Unstable configurations can be stabilized through population control.

Abstract

We study the stability and dynamics of vortices in two-species condensates using a two mode model. The recent experimental results obtained at JILA (M. R. Matthews, {\em et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 2498) and theoretical predictions based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equations are verified. We also make an exhaustive analysis of the stability properties of the system when the relative populations of the two species and/or their relative scattering lengths are changed and prove that stabilization of otherwise unstable configurations can be attained by controlling the relative population of both species.