The Symmetries and Origins of the Order Parameters for Pairing and Phase Coherence in Cuprates

TL;DR

This paper investigates the symmetries and origins of order parameters in hole-doped cuprates, revealing that pairing involves anisotropic s-wave symmetry with spinon-based Cooper pairs, while phase coherence has a magnetic d-wave origin.

Contribution

It provides experimental evidence that pairing and phase coherence in cuprates have distinct symmetries and origins, with pairing being anisotropic s-wave and phase coherence arising from magnetic spin fluctuations.

Findings

Cooper pairs consist of spinons.

Pairing order parameter has anisotropic s-wave symmetry.

Phase coherence order parameter has magnetic d-wave symmetry.

Abstract

The symmetries and origins of the order parameters (OPs) for pairing and long-range phase coherence in hole-doped cuprates are discussed. By analyzing tunneling, inelastic neutron scattering and torque measurements we conclude that the Cooper pairs in cuprates consist of spinons, and the pairing OP has an anisotropic s-wave symmetry, whereas the OP for long-range phase coherence has the magnetic origin due to spin fluctuations and, has the d-wave symmetry. All conclusions are based exclusively on experimental facts.