Ground-State Properties of a Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensate with Attractive Interaction

TL;DR

This paper investigates the ground-state behavior of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interactions in a quasi-one-dimensional torus, revealing conditions for quantized circulation plateaus based on interaction strength.

Contribution

It identifies the critical interaction ratio for the emergence of quantized circulation plateaus and analyzes how hybridization affects their length.

Findings

Quantized circulation plateaus appear only if γ<1.

Hybridization reduces the length of circulation plateaus.

Plateaus are absent when γ≥1.

Abstract

The ground state of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interaction in a quasi-one-dimensional torus is studied in terms of the ratio $\gamma$ of the mean-field interaction energy per particle to the single-particle energy-level spacing. The plateaus of quantized circulation are found to appear if and only if $\gamma<1$ with the lengths of the plateaus reduced due to hybridization of the condensate over different angular-momentum states.