TL;DR
This paper investigates a phase transition in a shaken granular gas where particles spontaneously cluster on one side of a divided container, developing a quantitative theory that aligns well with simulations.
Contribution
It introduces a new theoretical model explaining the clustering transition in granular gases, validated by numerical simulations.
Findings
Particles preferentially occupy one side after the transition
Good agreement between theory and simulations
Identifies a second order phase transition in the system
Abstract
We consider a dilute gas of granular material inside a box, kept in a stationary state by shaking. A wall separates the box into two identical compartments, save for a small hole at some finite height . As the gas is cooled, a second order phase transition occurs, in which the particles preferentially occupy one side of the box. We develop a quantitative theory of this clustering phenomenon and find good agreement with numerical simulations.
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