Charge-order transition in the extended Hubbard model on a two-leg ladder

TL;DR

This study explores the zero-temperature charge-order transition in a two-leg Hubbard ladder with Coulomb repulsion, revealing continuous and discontinuous transitions influenced by electron filling and interaction strength.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of charge-order transitions in a two-leg Hubbard ladder with extended Coulomb interactions using DMRG.

Findings

Continuous transition at quarter filling with U=8t to checkerboard charge order

Transition becomes discontinuous at higher fillings

Influence of U/t on transition and tricritical points estimated

Abstract

We investigate the charge-order transition at zero temperature in a two-leg Hubbard ladder with additional nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion V using the Density Matrix Renormalization Group technique. We consider electron densities between quarter and half filling. For quarter filling and U=8t, we find evidence for a continuous phase transition between a homogeneous state at small V and a broken-symmetry state with "checkerboard" [wavevector Q=(pi,pi)] charge order at large V. This transition to a checkerboard charge-ordered state remains present at all larger fillings, but becomes discontinuous at sufficiently large filling. We discuss the influence of U/t on the transition and estimate the position of the tricritical points.