Electrostatics of Inhomogeneous Quantum Hall Liquid

TL;DR

This paper investigates how electron density distribution in quantum Hall liquids is affected by inhomogeneities and disorder, revealing a wide transition band where the liquid's properties are significantly altered from ideal models.

Contribution

It provides an analytical description of the transition region in inhomogeneous quantum Hall liquids, accounting for disorder and density fluctuations, extending previous models.

Findings

Transition region forms a wide band with mixed electron and hole regions.

Electron density in the transition band is independent of magnetic field.

Analytical expression for the fraction of incompressible liquid in the band.

Abstract

The distribution of electron density in the quantum Hall liquid is considered in the presence of macroscopic density gradient caused by side electrodes or inhomogeneous doping. In this case different Landau levels are occupied in different regions of a sample. These regions are separated by incompressible liquid. It is shown that the applicability of the approach by Chklovskii et al. is substantially restricted if the density gradient is not very large and disorder is important. Due to the fluctuations of the remote donor's density the liquid in the transition region can not be considered as completely incompressible. In the typical situation, when the gap between Landau levels is not much larger than the energy of disorder, the transition region is a wide band where electron density, averaged over the fluctuations, is independent of magnetic field. The band is a random mixture of regions occupied by electrons of upper level, by holes of lower level and by incompressible liquid. The width of this band is calculated and an analytical expression for the fraction of incompressible liquid in different parts of this band is given.