What happened to the gas-liquid transition in the system of dipolar hard spheres?

TL;DR

This paper investigates the equilibrium behavior of dipolar hard spheres and introduces a new theoretical framework to explain why a critical point is absent in this system.

Contribution

It proposes a novel theory based on classical electrostatic ideas to account for the lack of a gas-liquid critical point in dipolar hard sphere systems.

Findings

Absence of the expected critical point in dipolar hard spheres

Development of a new theoretical explanation for this phenomenon

Insights into the electrostatic interactions governing the system

Abstract

We explore the equilibrium properties of a system composed of dipolar hard spheres. A new theory based on the ideas derived from the work of Debye and H\"uckel, Bjerrum, and Onsager is proposed to explain the absence of the anticipated critical point in this system.