Gapless Singlet modes in the Kagome strips: A study through DMRG and strong coupling analysis

TL;DR

This paper investigates Kagome-lattice strips using DMRG and strong coupling analysis, revealing the nature of gapless and gapped excitations and phase transitions as interchain couplings vary.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the phase transition and excitation spectrum in Kagome strips beyond the weak-coupling limit, combining numerical and analytical methods.

Findings

In the strong coupling limit, the system exhibits gapless spin excitations.

A phase transition occurs from a gapped to a gapless phase as coupling strength varies.

Numerical results suggest a finite spin-gap in the strong coupling regime.

Abstract

Recently Azaria et al have studied strips of the Kagome-lattice in the weak-coupling limit, where they consist of two spin-half chains on the outside weakly coupled to an array of half-integer spins in the middle. Using a number of mappings they have arrived at the interesting result that in this system all spin excitations are gapped but there are gapless spinless modes. Here we study these Kagome strips in the limit where the interchain couplings are comparable to the coupling to the middle spins by density matrix renormalization group and by a strong coupling analysis. In the limit when the coupling to the middle-spin dominates, the 5-spins of the unit-cell reduce to a single S=3/2 spin, and the overall system has well known gapless spin excitations. We study the phase transition from this phase to the weak-coupling phase. We also carry out a strong coupling analysis away from the S=3/2 limit, where the five-spin blocks have four degenerate ground states with S=1/2, which can be thought of as two spin and two pseudospin degrees of freedom. A numerical study of this strong coupling model also suggests a finite spin-gap.