Bosons in a Toroidal Trap: Ground State and Vortices

TL;DR

This paper investigates the properties of Bose-Einstein condensates in a 3D toroidal trap, focusing on ground states, vortex stability, and how potential parameters influence the condensate's density and excitations.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of ground state configurations, vortex states, and excitation spectra of BECs in a toroidal geometry, highlighting the effects of interaction sign and trap parameters.

Findings

Density profiles can be strongly modified by potential parameters and particle number.

Vortex states exhibit specific stability properties depending on interaction and trap conditions.

Elementary excitation spectra are characterized for different scattering lengths.

Abstract

We study the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a 3-D toroidal Mexican hat trap. By changing the parameters of the potential, or the number of bosons, it is possible to modify strongly the density profile of the BEC. We consider the ground state properties for positive and negative scattering length and calculate the spectrum elementary excitations. We also discuss the macroscopic phase coherence and superfluidity of the BEC by analyzing vortex states and their stability.