Field Theory of Mesoscopic Fluctuations in Superconductor/Normal-Metal Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a unified theoretical framework combining quasi-classical and field theories to analyze both mean and fluctuation properties of superconductor/normal-metal mesoscopic systems, revealing new insights into their quantum interference phenomena.

Contribution

It presents a novel formalism that unifies mean and fluctuation analyses of SN systems, enabling comprehensive microscopic studies of their properties.

Findings

Unified approach to SN mesoscopic physics

Application to SNS-structure spectra

Enhanced understanding of quantum interference effects

Abstract

Thermodynamic and transport properties of mesoscopic conductors are strongly influenced by the proximity of a superconductor: An interplay between the large scale quantum coherent wave functions in the normal mesoscopic and the superconducting region, respectively, leads to unusual mechanisms of quantum interference. These manifest themselves in both the mean and the mesoscopic fluctuation behaviour of superconductor/normal-metal (SN) hybrid systems being strikingly different from those of conventional mesoscopic systems. After reviewing some established theories of SN-quantum interference phenomena, we introduce a new approach to the analysis of SN-mesoscopic physics. Essentially, our formalism represents a unification of the quasi-classical formalism for describing {\it mean} properties of SN-systems on the one hand, with more recent field theories of mesoscopic {\it fluctuations} on the other hand. Thus, by its very construction, the new approach is capable of exploring both averaged and fluctuation properties of SN-systems on the same microscopic footing. As an example, the method is applied to the study of various characteristics of the single particle spectrum of SNS-structures.