Spin and interaction effects on charge distribution and currents in one-dimensional conductors and rings within the Hartree-Fock approximation

TL;DR

This paper investigates how electron spin and interactions influence charge distribution and persistent currents in one-dimensional conductors and rings using the Hartree-Fock approximation, revealing suppression of Friedel oscillations and current effects.

Contribution

It demonstrates the impact of electron interactions on charge oscillations and persistent currents in 1D systems within the Hartree-Fock framework, including effects of spin and scatterers.

Findings

Interaction suppresses decay of Friedel oscillations

Current is suppressed in infinite conductors with weak scatterers

Interactions enhance average and typical persistent currents in rings

Abstract

Using the self--consistent Hartree-Fock approximation for electrons with spin at zero temperature, we study the effect of the electronic interactions on the charge distribution in a one-dimensional continuous ring containing a single $\delta $ scatterer. We reestablish that the interaction suppresses the decay of the Friedel oscillations. Based on this result, we show that in an infinite one dimensional conductor containing a weak scatterer, the current is totally suppressed because of a gap opened at the Fermi energy. In a canonical ensemble of continuous rings containing many scatterers, the interactions enhance the average and the typical persistent current.