Dynamical response of a Bose-Einstein condensate to a discontinuous change in internal state

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a Bose-Einstein condensate responds dynamically to a sudden change in its internal state, revealing residual oscillations and measuring scattering length ratios through experimental and theoretical analysis.

Contribution

It demonstrates the condensate's response to a discontinuous internal state change and accurately measures scattering length ratios using Gross-Pitaevskii theory.

Findings

Residual ringing observed in condensate width after state change

Agreement between experimental data and Gross-Pitaevskii calculations

Measured scattering length ratio a_|1,-1> / a_|2,1> = 1.062(12)

Abstract

A two-photon transition is used to convert an arbitrary fraction of the 87Rb atoms in a |F=1,m_f=-1> condensate to the |F=2,m_f=1> state. Transferring the entire population imposes a discontinuous change on the condensate's mean-field repulsion, which leaves a residual ringing in the condensate width. A calculation based on Gross-Pitaevskii theory agrees well with the observed behavior, and from the comparison we obtain the ratio of the intraspecies scattering lengths for the two states, a_|1,-1> / a_|2,1> = 1.062(12).