Measuring equilibrium properties in aging systems
Silvio Franz, Marc M\'ezard, Giorgio Parisi, Luca Peliti

TL;DR
This paper explores the relationship between replica symmetry breaking and aging in finite-dimensional systems, proposing a method to measure equilibrium properties through off-equilibrium dynamics and fluctuation dissipation ratios.
Contribution
It establishes a theoretical connection between aging phenomena and replica symmetry breaking, enabling experimental access to the equilibrium order parameter function.
Findings
Fluctuation dissipation ratio equals the static overlap distribution in aging systems.
Theoretical support for measuring equilibrium order parameters via off-equilibrium dynamics.
Applicable to finite-dimensional systems with short-range interactions.
Abstract
We corroborate the idea of a close connection between replica symmetry breaking and aging in the linear response function for a large class of finite-dimensional systems with short-range interactions. In these system, characterized by a continuity condition with respect to weak random perturbations of the Hamiltonian, the ``fluctuation dissipation ratio'' in off-equilibrium dynamics should be equal to the static cumulative distribution function of the overlaps. This allows for an experimental measurement of the equilibrium order parameter function.
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