The Two-fluid Description of a Mesoscopic Cylinder

TL;DR

This paper explores quantum coherence in electrons within a mesoscopic cylinder, demonstrating a two-fluid model driven by magnetostatic interactions and finite size effects, with implications for persistent currents and electromagnetic response.

Contribution

It introduces a two-fluid description of quantum coherence in mesoscopic cylinders considering magnetostatic interactions and finite size effects.

Findings

Electromagnetic kernel has finite low frequency limit indicating infinite conductivity.

Part of electrons are in a coherent state, enabling a two-fluid model.

Persistent currents depend on Fermi Surface geometry, especially flat portions.

Abstract

Quantum coherence of electrons interacting via the magnetostatic coupling and confined to a mesoscopic cylinder is discussed. The electromagnetic response of a system is studied. It is shown that the electromagnetic kernel has finite low frequency limit what implies infinite conductivity. It means that part of the electrons is in a coherent state and the system can be in general described by a two-fluid model. The coherent behavior is determind by the interplay between finite size effects and the correlations coming from the magnetostatic interactions (the interaction is considered in the mean field approximation). The related persistent currents depend on the geometry of the Fermi Surface. If the Fermi Surface has some flat portions the self-sustaining currents can be obtained. The relation of the quantum coherent state in mesoscopic cylinders to other coherent phenomena is discussed.