Gauge-theory approach to planar doped antiferromagnets and external magnetic fields

TL;DR

This paper reviews a gauge theory approach to spin-charge separation in doped antiferromagnets, focusing on how external magnetic fields influence excitations and induce gaps, potentially explaining experimental observations in high-$T_c$ cuprates.

Contribution

It introduces a relativistic non-Abelian gauge theory model for doped antiferromagnets, analyzing magnetic field effects on excitations and gap formation, with implications for high-$T_c$ superconductor experiments.

Findings

External magnetic fields enhance Kosterlitz-Thouless gaps at superconductor surfaces.

The model suggests parity and time-reversal symmetry may not be violated with an even number of fermion species.

Experimental thermal conductivity plateaux may be explained by charged Dirac-fermion excitations.

Abstract

A review is given of a relativistic non-Abelian gauge theory approach to the physics of spin-charge separation in doped quantum antiferromagnetic planar systems, proposed recently by the authors. Emphasis is put on the effects of constant external magnetic fields on excitations about the superconducting state in the model. The electrically-charged Dirac fermions (holons), describing excitations about specific points on the fermi surface, e.g. those corresponding to the nodes of a d-wave superconducting gap in high-$T_c$ cuprates, condense, resulting in the opening of a Kosterlitz-Thouless-like gap (KT) at such nodes. In the presence of strong external magnetic fields at the surface regions of the planar superconductor, in the direction perpendicular to the superconducting planes, these KT gaps appear to be enhanced. Our preliminary analysis, based on analytic Scwhinger-Dyson treatments, seems to indicate that for an even number of Dirac fermion species, required in our model as a result of gauging a particle-hole SU(2) symmetry, Parity or Time Reversal violation does not necessarily occurs.Based on these considerations, we argue that recent experimental findings, concerning thermal conductivity plateaux of quasiparticles in planar high-$T_c$ cuprates in strong external magnetic fields, may indicate the presence of such KT gaps, caused by charged Dirac-fermion excitations in these materials, as suggested in the above model.