Charge and Spin Currents of the 1D Hubbard Model at Finite Energy

TL;DR

This paper investigates charge and spin transport at finite energies in the 1D Hubbard model under a magnetic field, using pseudoparticle perturbation theory to analyze elementary currents and correlations.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive pseudoparticle approach to describe charge and spin transport in the Hubbard chain at all densities and magnetizations, including new kinetic equations.

Findings

Charge and spin currents are expressed via elementary pseudoparticle currents.

Ratios of transport to static masses reveal effects of electronic correlations.

Transport can be described by pseudoparticle kinetic equations with forward-scattering interactions.

Abstract

The transport of charge and spin at finite energies is studied for the Hubbard chain in a magnetic field by means of the pseudoparticle perturbation theory. In the general case, this involves the solution of an infinite set of Bethe-ansatz equations with a flux. Our results refer to all densities and magnetizations. We express the charge and the spin-diffusion currents in terms of elementary currents associated with the charge and spin carriers. We show that these are the \alpha,\gamma pseudoparticles (with \alpha =c,s and \gamma =0,1,2,3,...) and we find their couplings to charge and spin. We also study the ratios of the pseudoparticle charge and spin transport masses over the corresponding static mass. These ratios provide valuable information on the effects of electronic correlations in the transport properties of the quantum system. We show that the transport of charge and spin in the Hubbard chain can, alternatively, be described by means of pseudoparticle kinetic equations. This follows from the occurrence of only forward-scattering pseudoparticle interactions at all energies.