Massive Charged Strings in the Description of Vortex Ring Quantum Nucleation

TL;DR

This paper models vortex rings in superfluids as massive, charged elastic strings influenced by electromagnetic-like fields, providing a semiclassical framework for understanding vortex ring quantum nucleation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel formalism representing vortex rings as charged strings in an electromagnetic field, bridging hydrodynamic and microscopic regimes.

Findings

Provides a semiclassical model for vortex string motion.

Describes vortex ring quantum nucleation using perturbation theory.

Connects vortex dynamics with electromagnetic string theory.

Abstract

We demonstrate the way in which vortex rings in neutral superfluids are equivalent to massive, charged, elastic strings in an electromagnetic field defined locally on the string from a Kalb-Ramond gauge field. We argue that the action thus obtained describes an intermediate scale of vortex motion with phonon fluctuations of the line between the incompressible hydrodynamic r\'egime and the microscopic one dominated by roton emission and absorption. The formalism gives an accurate semiclassical picture of vortex string motion and is of relevance for the description of vortex ring quantum nucleation in a perturbation theory of the purely incompressible case.