Simple Calculation of Quantum Spin Tunneling Effects

TL;DR

This paper presents a straightforward method to calculate quantum spin tunneling effects, deriving level splitting formulas from eigenvalues of periodic equations, applicable to both ground and excited states.

Contribution

It introduces a simplified approach to derive spin tunneling level splitting formulas, extending previous complex methods to excited states.

Findings

Derived level splitting formulas from eigenvalues of periodic equations.

Extended formulas to include excited states.

Simplified calculation method for quantum spin tunneling effects.

Abstract

The level splitting formulae much discussed in the study of spin tunneling in macroscopic ferromagnetic particles and previously derived only by complicated pseudoparticle methods for the ground state, are derived from those of eigenvalues of periodic equations and extended to excited states.