Effects of disorder on two strongly correlated coupled chains

TL;DR

This paper investigates how disorder affects phases in two coupled chains of strongly correlated fermions, revealing stability differences based on interaction types and implications for superconductivity and quantum wires.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of disorder effects on coupled fermion chains, highlighting the stability of certain phases and the destruction of d-wave superconductivity by disorder.

Findings

Repulsive spinless fermions are strongly localized by disorder.

Attractive interactions in spinless fermions remain stable against disorder.

D-wave superconducting phase is destroyed by any disorder in fermions with spins.

Abstract

We study the effects of disorder on a system of two coupled chain of strongly correlated fermions (ladder system), using renormalization group. The stability of the phases of the pure system is investigated as a function of interactions both for fermions with spin and spinless fermions. For spinless fermions the repulsive side is strongly localized whereas the system with attractive interactions is stable with respect to disorder, at variance with the single chain case. For fermions with spins, the repulsive side is also localized, and in particular the d-wave superconducting phase found for the pure system is totally destroyed by an arbitrarily small amount of disorder. On the other hand the attractive side is again remarkably stable with respect to localization. We have also computed the charge stiffness, the localization length and the temperature dependence of the conductivity for the various phases. In the range of parameter where d-wave superconductivity would occur for the pure system the conductivity is found to decrease monotonically with temperature, even at high temperature, and we discuss this surprising result. For a model with one site repulsion and nearest neighbor attraction, the most stable phase is an orbital antiferromagnet . Although this phase has no divergent superconducting fluctuation it can have a divergent conductivity at low temperature. We argue based on our results that the superconductivity observed in some two chain compounds cannot be a simple stabilization of the d-wave phase found for a pure single ladder. Applications to quantum wires are discussed.