Interacting electrons with spin in a one-dimensional dirty wire connected to leads

TL;DR

This paper studies how interacting electrons with spin behave in a one-dimensional wire connected to leads, revealing complex conductance behavior influenced by interactions and backscattering.

Contribution

It extends the understanding of electron transport in 1D wires by analyzing spin interactions and the non-universal renormalization of backscattering effects.

Findings

Perfect transmission of electrons into separated spin and charge in noninteracting leads

Backscattering potential renormalized non-universally, affecting conductance

Conductance reduction follows power laws depending on temperature, length, and barrier position

Abstract

We investigate a one-dimensional wire of interacting electrons connected to semi-infinite leads in the absence and in the presence of a backscattering potential. An incident electron on the clean wire is perfectly transmitted into spatially separated spin and charge parts in the noninteracting leads, a result we extend to any finite-range interactions. The backscattering potential is renormalized in a non-universal way and therefore the reduction in the conductance is more complicated than the laws derived up to now: it has power laws as a function of temperature, wire length, and also the distance of a barrier to the contacts.