Excitation spectroscopy of vortex states in dilute Bose-condensed gases

TL;DR

This paper uses linear-response analysis of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to identify spectroscopic signatures of vortex states in Bose-Einstein condensates, aiding in their experimental detection.

Contribution

It introduces a method to calculate excitation frequencies of vortex states, providing a new spectroscopic approach to detect vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates.

Findings

Vortex excitation frequencies differ significantly from ground state frequencies.

Spectroscopic signatures can confirm the presence of vortex states.

Method applied to Rubidium atoms in a specific trap configuration.

Abstract

We apply linear-response analysis to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to obtain the excitation frequencies of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a vortex state, and apply it to a system of Rubidium atoms confined in a time-averaged orbiting potential trap. The excitation frequencies of a vortex differ significantly from those of the ground state, and may therefore be used to obtain a spectroscopic signature of the presence of a vortex state.