Enhancement of Persistent Current on Multichannel Ring

TL;DR

This paper introduces a 'train' effect in small metallic and semiconductor rings, where a cooperative electron motion enhances persistent current, with theoretical calculations supporting the phenomenon's existence and robustness against impurities.

Contribution

It proposes a novel 'train' mechanism for persistent current enhancement and demonstrates it through Bethe ansatz calculations in the Hubbard model.

Findings

Identification of a 'train' effect linked to electron cooperative motion.

Persistent current enhancement is robust against impurities.

The fractional M/N periodicities indicate the presence of the electron 'train'.

Abstract

We describe a "train" effect which may exist in small metallic and semiconductor rings and might be associated with the long-standing problem of the persistent current enhancement. The current is associated with the cooperative motion of N electrons constituing the N-electron "train". The train arises via an excitation or a backflow of spin waves or of interchannel charge density sound modes. The impurities and defects have a little effect on the "train" current. The reason is that the "train" current is associated with a small momentum transfer, which is much smaller than the momentum transfer of the free electron current equal to 2 pi/L. For an illustration of the "train" effect we have calculated the persistent current in the framework of the Bethe ansatz solutions for Hubbard model. The fractional M/N periodicities of the persistent current serve as an indication of the electron "train"