Alkali Bose Condensate Mixtures

TL;DR

This paper explores the diverse ground state and vortex structures in binary mixtures of alkali Bose-Einstein condensates, providing a computational method and phase diagrams to understand their complex behaviors and coexistence regions.

Contribution

It introduces a simple algorithm for density profile determination and maps out phase diagrams for alkali binary condensates within the Thomas-Fermi approximation, highlighting novel coexistence phases.

Findings

Multiple ground state and vortex structures identified

Coexistence regions analogous to superfluid interpenetration

Phase diagrams constructed for various alkali mixtures

Abstract

We show that binary mixtures of Bose-condensates of alkali atoms have a great variety of ground state and vortex structures which can be accessed experimentally by varying the particle numbers of different alkalis. We have constructed a simple algorithm to determine the density profiles of these states, and have worked out their phase diagrams within Thomas-Fermi approximation. Many structures of the alkali binary contain a coexisting region, which is the analog of the long sought $^{3}$He-$^{4}$He interpenetrating superfluids in ultra-low temperature physics.