Pseudospin Symmetry, Peierls Instability, and Charge Density Wave in a One-Dimensional Tight-Binding Model

TL;DR

This paper investigates the pseudospin SU(2) symmetry in a one-dimensional tight-binding model with electron-phonon interactions, exploring how symmetry breaking relates to charge density wave formation and Peierls instability.

Contribution

It reveals the conditions under which pseudospin symmetry is spontaneously broken and how this leads to the emergence of charge density waves in the model.

Findings

Pseudospin SU(2) symmetry exists in the model.

Peierls instability causes lattice dimerization without breaking pseudospin symmetry.

Spontaneous symmetry breaking with electron-electron interaction induces CDW state.

Abstract

We show that there is pseudospin SU(2) symmetry in the one-dimensional tight-binding model with the inter-molecular electron-phonon interaction. We discuss the relation between the pseudospin symmetry breaking and the charge-density wave (CDW). For a finite lattice at half-filling, the Peierls instability drives the lattice to {\it dimerization} at low temperature, however, the system remains the SU(2) symmetry invariant and is not CDW state. An attractive on-site electron-electron interaction makes the pseudospin symmetry spontaneously broken in the thermodynamic limit and the CDW state arises as well. Hence, it is clear that spontaneous pseudospin symmetry breaking produces the CDW state.s the pseudospin symmetry spontaneously broken in the thermodynamic limit and the CDW state arises as well. Hence, it is clear that spontaneous pseudospin symmetry breaking produces the CDW state.