Adiabatic Effective Action for Vortices in Neutral and Charged Superfluids

TL;DR

This paper derives the adiabatic effective action for vortices in neutral and charged superfluids, revealing the role of Berry phase, vortex dynamics, and energy characteristics, with implications for vortex depinning.

Contribution

It introduces a topological Landau-Ginzburg framework to calculate vortex effective actions and dynamics in superfluids, including charged cases, with detailed analysis of vortex energy and mass.

Findings

Berry phase yields Magnus force in superfluids

Vortex energy finite only for zero total vorticity in neutral superfluids

Effective mass and energy defined for charged superfluid vortices

Abstract

Adiabatic effective action for vortices in neutral and charged superfluids at zero temperature are calculated using the topological Landau-Ginzburg theory recently proposed by Hatsuda, Yahikozawa, Ao and Thouless, and vortex dynamics are examined. The Berry phase term arising in the effective action naturally yields the Magnus force in both neutral and charged superfluids. It is shown that in neutral superfluid there is only one degree of freedom, namely the center of vorticities, and the vortex energy is proportinal to the sum of all vorticities so that it is finite only for the vanishing total vorticity of the system. On the other hand the effective mass and the vortex energy for a vortex in charged superfluids are defined individually as expected. The effects of the vortex core on these quantities are also estimated. The possible depinning scenario which is governed by the Magnus force and the inertial mass is also discussed.