Vortex Entanglement and Broken Symmetry
Andreas Sch\"onenberger, Vadim Geshkenbein, and Gianni Blatter
TL;DR
This paper studies vortex entanglement stability in superconductors, revealing that twisted-pair configurations are generally unstable, while twisted-triplet configurations are metastable in lattice phases and become helical upon melting.
Contribution
It provides a numerical analysis of vortex entanglement configurations using the London approximation, highlighting the instability of twisted-pairs and the behavior of twisted-triplets across phase transitions.
Findings
Twisted-pair configurations are unstable in most conditions.
Twisted-triplet configurations are metastable in the vortex-lattice phase.
Melting leads to deconfinement and a transition to helical configurations.
Abstract
Based on the London approximation, we investigate numerically the stability of the elementary configurations of entanglement, the twisted-pair and the twisted-triplet, in the vortex-lattice and -liquid phases. We find that, except for the dilute limit, the twisted-pair is unstable and hence irrelevant in the discussion of entanglement. In the lattice phase the twisted-triplet constitutes a metastable, confined configuration of high energy. Loss of lattice symmetry upon melting leads to deconfinement and the twisted-triplet turns into a low-energy helical configuration.
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